Binary Downloads

Understanding which download to choose on Linux and how to install

Public Domain
Public Domain

Choosing the right download

So you went to download a file and you were presented with a list of options similar to the following

list-of-binary-downloads

You know you're on Linux. But which one of these Linux downloads is right for you?

Run the uname tool to help you find out

$ uname -a
x86_64
  • m means tell us the hardware type

If you see x86_64 that means you want the download that says amd64.

Installing it

When you're presented with a tarball (.tar.*) you'll want to download it and untar it using either your browser, wget, curl or whatever you want.

Be careful when you extract the tarball! People usually leave all the files in the top level directory and when you extract it all the sudden you'll have files all over the place!

I recommend creating a temporary directory first and changing your directory into it. We can do this all at once with the following command

cd $(mktemp -d)

  • cd is change directory

  • mktemp is a utility for creating temporary files and directories. It will output the name, which we capture and use as the place we want to change our current working directory to using the $( ) operator.

    • -d tells it to make a directory

Here's an example of downloading Hugo which is shown in the screenshot above.

curl -LO https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/releases/download/v0.74.3/hugo_0.74.3_Linux-64bit.tar.gz

  • L means follow any redirects, you'll usually want this, especially with GitHub since it likes to redirect

  • O means save the file with the same name as it has in the URL

We then extract the downloaded file

tar -xvz hugo_0.74.3_Linux-64bit.tar.gz

  • x means extract

  • v means be verbose, print all extracted files

  • z means the file will be .gz compressed, and we'll need to decompress it using the gzip decompression algorithm. If you run into other file types, do a search to figure out what to replace this with.

We should have extracted 3 files.

You now want to put the binary, the command line program you want to run, in one of the directories in the PATH environment variable.

You can run

echo $PATH

To get a : separated list of directories you can move the hugo file to so that you'll be able to use it from anywhere.

We'll move it into the /usr/bin directory, a common place for executable files to live.

mv hugo /usr/bin/

Now you can return to where you we're before you created the temporary directory by running

cd -

We can now run hugo!

$ hugo version
Hugo Static Site Generator v0.74.3-DA0437B4 linux/amd64 BuildDate: 2020-07-23T16:22:34Z